Tex. R. Evid. 701

TEXAS RULES OF EVIDENCE (September 1, 2025) Rule 701 — Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses ARTICLE VII. — OPINIONS AND EXPERT TESTIMONY Rule 701: Opinion Testimony by Lay Witnesses If a witness is not testifying as an expert, testimony in the form of an opinion is limited to one that is: (a) rationally based on the witness’s perception; and (b) helpful to clearly understanding the witness’s testimony or to determining a fact in issue. Notes and Comments Comment to 2015 Restyling: All references to an “inference” have been deleted because this makes the Rule flow better and easier to read, and because any “inference” is covered by the broader term “opinion.” Courts have not made substantive decisions on the basis of any distinction between an opinion and an inference. No change in current practice is intended. Source: Texas Supreme Court — txcourts.gov | Effective September 1, 2025 Page 1